    
   .  !


 

  

   -       . ,
     ,   
.        ? , -,
  . -,     
  .
         ,  .
       ,   
 ,   ,   
 .
      .  
    ,     
 ,     .


   

   -

    
  
 

browsers
Ariadna
MS Internet Explorer 3
MS Internet Explorer 4
MS Internet Explorer 5
Netscape Navigator 3 Gold
Netscape 4 Communicator
Opera
e-mail
The Bat!
Eudora
Free E-Mail
Outlook
Pegasus
PGP
 
CU See Me
Easy Talk
ICQ98
icq99
Internet Phone
MicroIRC
Odigo
Pirch
 
CuteFTP
Go!zilla
GetRight
GuruNet
G8MONEY.TXT 18698
 
Net Vampire
ReGet
Real Player
Web TranSite
WS FTP
 
  
 
  ""?
  ""?
  ?
    
     
  
  
  
  
  
  
    
    
    
    
 
    
    
  


   

 -  
 -  
   -  
 -  
 -  
 -  
   -  
 -  
 -  
- -  
   -  
   -  
 -  
 -  
 -  
 -  
 -  
 -  
 -  
  -  
   -  
 -   -  
  -  
  -  
 -  
 -  
  -  
 -  
  -  
 

Copernic 2000
   Web-
Microsoft FrontPage Editor
Netscape Composer
 
Microsoft HTML Help
webplace
Business Banks
 -  
 -  
 -  
 -  
  -  
 -  
  -  
  -  
  -  
 -  
 -  
 -  
   -  
   -  
  -  
 -  
  -  
  -  
  -  
-  
   -  
  -  




 1.      
 2.   
 3. -



     ,  ,    
 ,      .  
     [letaet@usa.net] .


    

          
     .  ,
       (   
  ),      
    .     
    ,     
  (     ),
      .
 ,  -    . 
       (Internet). 
    ,    
 ,     .
    :    .
     
   .  
      . , , 
      *.
      **, 
        
 .


 *.    "  "
        
 - [http://www.zhurnal.ru/1/deklare.htm] .
**      
-   ARPA. ARPA [http://www.arpa.mil] -
Advanced Research Project Agency (   
) -      ,  
 2  1969 ,   ,   
         
 (ARPANet).    ,  .  
         
-  -    
      . ,   
,  ""   .  1972   
  .      
   ,      
          .
  :    , 
  .      
     
 TCP/IP.  ,      
  (FTP),     (Telnet)  
   (SMTP).  1983   ARPANet, 
 ,    , Milnet,  
   .    ARPANet  
 NSFnet   1990      .  
Federal Networking Council [http://www.fnc.gov] (  
 )  ,     
      -
  .     "
 ",     
         
.


   

        . 
  (   ) 
   .     
,    .      
,     ,   
   .      
   * -   
.        
  .       
      -  **  
  .
        WWW -
World Wide Web , , Web ( )***. Web,  -
  ,    
  ,     
.       .
      , ,   
.      Web.
       
(e-mail),   (Usenet  News Groups),  
   (FTP ),     (Inernet Relay
Chat).

 *  - .    
       , 
       
  ..       ,   
       .     
   : IP - Internet Protocol (
)  TCP - Transmission Control Protocol ( 
).  ,     
TCP/IP.  TCP       
      .  IP
    .  
   SMTP - Simple Mail Transport Protocol (
  )  POP3 - Post Office Protocol ( 
),       ; FTP - File
Transfer Protocol (  ),    
 ; HTTP - Hyper Text Transfer Protocol ( 
),    , 
    .
**        
    IP-. 
 ()   IP-. 
,         
  ,    IP-. 
   IP-.   , 
     24   ,  , 
   IP-.
      ""  "" .
 "" (domain)    ", , ".
         ,    
.  :    ,   -
.   ,      - 
.     .    ,
  ,    255,  . ,
: 192.117.64.66.     -. , 
   ,     .  
 .  ,   : ,  
    . ,   www.aip.net.ua, www
        (World
Wide Web), aip -  , net -   
(  ),  ua (Ukraine)   
  .    
       : com  
co  ( ), edu (   ), gov
( ), mil ( ), net (
  ,   , ), org (
).      : ru (),
ua (), uk (), jp (), il ().  
      .   
 "/"       .
*** WWW    1989   - (Tim
Berners-Lee)       CERN
[http://www.cern.ch] (Conseil Europeen pour la Recherche Nucleaire), 
         
.  1992     
NCSA (National Center for Supercomputing Applications)   
     Web - Mosaic.   
      Web - 
(browser),   web-.   
    web-.   : 
 ,       
.     web-  
  URL - Uniform Resource Locator ( 
).  URL    . ,
http://www.ukr.net.


  

         .  
   .
1.     ( - ,    
 Windows 95   -).
2.        .
3.     -    .
4.       .
5.      .


                         

 1.      

 -   . , ,    
   ,     .  
    ,   ,
,    .
          ? 
  .  .    ,
-     ,   
   .    , -
     . ,   
       : 
     .  , 
       
-  ,   .

      :
 -   (CPU - Central Processing Unit), 
       
,       
( : Intel, AMD, IDT, Cyrix).  : 
 (  ,  - Pentium II-III, AMD K6-II-III, AMD
K7)   ,   - MHz, ( : 300-600
MHz).
 -     (MB - Mother Board),  
 ,       
 ,       
     ( :
Asus, Tyan, Abit, AOpen).
 -   (RAM - Random Access Memory)  
      ( :
Micron, Motorola, Texas Instruments).  :  
(, FPM, EDO, SDRAM),   (10-60), ,   -
Mb ( : 64-256 Mb).
 -   (HDD - Hard Disk Drive) -  ,  
      ,  
   ,   ,   (
: Quantum, Western Digital, IBM, SeaGate).  :
   (IDE, SCSI),   (8-10), 
 (IDE - 5200-5400 /, SCSI - 5200-10000 /), , 
 - Gb (  4-20 Gb).
 -  (FDD - Floppy Disk Drive) -    
,         
 .  :     
 (1.44Mb),    (3.5").
 -   (SVGA Card - Super Video Graphics Array Card) 
   ,    :  
,  ,      
( : Matrox, ATI, Cirrus Logic, Diamond, S3). 
:  (EDO, WRAM, VRAM, SDRAM, SGRAM)    , 
 - Mb ( : 8-32 Mb) (,   ,
  ).
 -   - (CD-ROM - Compact Disk-Read Only
Memory),         ,
        CD
( : Philips, Matsushita, Acer, Toshiba). 
:    (IDE, SCSI),  , 
  ( : x32-x50).
 -   (Sound Card)     
 - (  CD-ROM) ( :
Creative, Analog Devices, ESS, Opti).
 -  -         
,        
  ( : Sony, Nokia, Eizo,
Philips, Goldstar, Iiyama, CTX, NEC, Samsung).  : 
  ,   (  15-20"),
    ,  
   ().
 -  (modem - modulator-demodulator)   
        , 
        
   ( : US Robotics, Boca, Motorola,
Apache, Texas Instruments).  :   
 ,    (kbps - kilobits per second)
(  33.6-56Kbps).
 -          
   ,      
  :  ,  ,
,      .. 
      ,
   (: 200-250W),   
     .
 -  :   .     
    .

        
  .      
 ,   ,     
    ,  
,          
   ,   
     .
       
  (-    
        
    , , 
     ).
        ?  
.
      Windows 95/98.
 ,      .   
       
     Windows 95/98.    
   -    .
      ""  
Windows 95/98,          Microsoft
Office. ,          
    Dagesh,    
       Windows 95/98.
      Windows 95/98 
   Pentium.   8-16Mb  
Windows 3.1   ,  , ,   
        Windows.
        Microsoft
 Windows NT 4.     Windows 95/98, 
      
(,   64Mb).
      Microsoft 
  OS/2  IBM. ,   
    OS/2  .
  , ,   
   Unix.     , 
    .   , 
,       .

       .   
      .
        
 ( 5-9).






                           

 2.     

   
         
     -   .
          
     (  )  ,
      .   
      :  
,       
.         
 ,        ,   
   (  56 Kbps). "", 
      ,  
 (traffic),      ,
  ,     
.  ""     
    -  .
  ,  (dial-up),    ? 
 . ,    - 
 1     2   ,   ,
         
  25-30   . ,   
 .
         
 -  ,      :
       
  ( -  - ),  
     ,   , 
           
 ,       .


   ISDN
    ,   ,   
     ISDN (Integrated Services Digital
Network),         
.      
        -
.       ,  
  ,    .
          ( 384
Kbps).   ,       ISDN
   ISDN ?    
  ISDN ,   ,    
 (    )  2-3  .  ,
 ISDN ,      
,      :    
.       
  .     
        
ISDN .    1     3   .  
 ? , ,   ISDN  
      . 
  ADSL    ,  
      . ADSL (Asymmetric Digital
Subscriber Line)       9 Mbps 
   1 Mbps      . 
      
    ,  
.
   
        ,
    , ,  
   .  
   ,    
 ,       .
       24  
        .  
        
 - .   
      
          
.         
.

  frame relay
       
    frame relay ( - "
").      : 
     (CIR),   
       (
2Mbps).  ""      
,      .  ,
     24   . 
      , 
       .
  frame relay, ,     
 ,       
   .      frame relay
        
.   ,     
 .      
      ,  
   .  , ,  
    ,    
 30M/   (download)  2.5M/   (upload)
  .  -   ,  
,     "" 
.       
 -,    
,        .  
       . ,  
,   IP (Internet Protocol), 
   : ATM, MLPPP, CDMA, TDMA, CSMA/CD etc.  
  - ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode) -  
.        
 , ,    -.
     ,   
   . " ", - 
, - "   -    ?!"  , 
,    HFC (Hybrid Fiber Coaxial) - 
 .     ,
 - ,      
     ,    . 
  HFC -  .  ,     
, "     ,     ".
 ,   .  ,  ,  
     
.         
     .  
,        
(         
 ).     
    .    
     .  
    , 
,     .
         .
 ,        
       
  .





                               

 3.     

  ?
           
  -      .
 "   ,    ?" -  .
             
 .    ,  
         
  . ,     
  ,      . 
          
    .    
       . 
   ,     , 
   512   .    
      10   
    33600   .

  ?
 ,  -  !  -  . 
  :       , 
 ;       , 
       ,  
        ;
  ,     ;
   ; ,  
     (  )  
      . , 
  ,   ,  
.

        ?
         
 (user name  login)      
(password).   , :    .  , ,
 ,    .   
, ,     
-     .
        , 
        (dial-up number).
  ,       .  
  -      .
        -   
( :        ). 
,        
   . ,     
.    -   ,    .
          
,    DNS (Domain Name System), 
    (, 192.117.64.66).  
      ,     
  -.      
     4 "  
  ".
          
,    SMTP (Simple Mail
Transport Protocol)  POP3 (Post Office Protocol),     
:    proxy-   .

  "proxy-server"?
    "-".  
  ,    
-, ""    ,   . ,
,      (   ,  
,   ).     .
   :  -     
  ,   ,    
  proxy-,     .  ,
proxy      ""  
 .

       ?
         
  .   :     (First
Name, Last Name),   ,    
  (Post Office Box)     
,      .  
     
   .    
 ,      ,
       .




                                 

 4.      

      , 
    .   
     20  100$ (  
        
  ).
       
Windows 9x. ,      , 
    ,   
 .

      (user name)   (password), 
       DNS , - 
    .


Windows 95

Windows 98






                                    W95

  Windows 95    

   (My Computer) >>>   (Control Panel) >>>
 (Keyboard) >>>  (Language) >>>   (Set as
default)   (English USA).
  ?         
 (, ).
 . ,  "",  -   
  , " " -   .
, ,     
 "OK"; , ,    
 - "" (cansel).

     ,   ,  
 :    (Dial-Up Adapter)  TCP/IP
(.1.1).     ,    
          (,
   Windows 95).












 .1.1.    (Network).
    (Network).
 -        (My Computer),
-        (Control Panel),
-       (Network),
-      (Add),
-     (Adapter),
-      (Add),
-        Microsoft,    
   (Dial-Up Adapter),   OK,
-    (Protocol),
-      (Add),
-        Microsoft,     TCP/IP,
  OK,
-        (Network)  
 (Configuration) ,    
 (Dial-Up Adapter)  TCP/IP,  ;  
   . OK?
      Windows 95  - 
   .      
   .
       (Dial-Up Networking).
 :        
   - CD   
Windows 95      (*.cab)  
.
 -        (My Computer),
-        (Control Panel),
-          (Add/Remove
Programmes),
-      Windows (Setup Windows),
-    (Communications) (.1.2),
-       (Dial-Up Networking) (
       ,   ), OK,
-     Windows 95,    , OK,
- OK...  OK?













 .1.2.       (Dial-Up Networking)

  
 -        (My Computer).
-          (Dial-Up Networking)
(   , .  ).
-        (New Connection).
-    "XXXXX" (  ) (.1.3).













  .1.3.     (New Connection)

-      (Next).
-        (Area code  Country code), 
      ,   .
,    (Telephone number) (  
 ) (.1.4).












   .1.4.    (Telephone number)

-   (Next) , ,  (Finish) (.1.5).














  .1.5.       (New Connection)

-       "Isracom" (.1.6), 
 (Properties).













   .1.6.        (Dial-Up Networking)

-          
(Use Area code and Country code) (.1.7).













   .1.7.    (General)

-      (Configure),   
  (Maximum speed) ( 115200 bps),   
    ,    
(Speaker Volume),  OK (.1.8).













   .1.8.   (Configure)

-       (Server Types).   
 :    (Enable software compression)  TCP/IP
(.1.9).













   .1.9.     (Server Type)

-      TCP/IP (TCP/IP Settings).
        IP 
(Server aeeigned IP Address),      IP-
( ) (.1.10).      
 DNS (Specify Name Server Addresses).    
     1-3- ,  ,  
3-,       , 
 1-2-,        
    ;    
 DNS.













   .1.10.  TCP/IP (TCP/IP Settings)

-     OK      
.

   OK   :
""    "XXXXX"      
(desktop).        
 "  XXXXX" (shortcut for XXXXX)    "XXXXX".
          
 (Rename)    .
    XXXXX,  ,   
:
-     "XXXXX",
-    (User Name)   (Password) (
   "") (.1.11),













 .1.11.   (Connect to)
 -      (Connect To)   
     (.1.12),














.1.12.   (Connecting)
         
(  ,     ),  (.1.13)
, ,  5-10 ,      ,
   (.1.14).













 .1.13.      (Verifying user name and
password)













 .1.14.     (Connected to)
     ,    ,  
  . . ,     Caps
Lock         ,  
   (, ,    
-).
        1-5  (  ,
,   ) (.1.15).













 .1.15.     (line is busy)
       ,   
  .        
(.1.6)   :  (Connections) -->
 (Settings) -->    (Redial) --> 
    (Before Giving Up Retry)   
(Between tries wait) (.1.16).













 .1.16.    (Redial)
    ?    DNS  
     .    
    .   ? 
   ,       , 
   ("   ", "   ", "
  ", "   ", " 
 Windows"  ..).   ,   ,
         
,     .      
    (dial-up number).   
 "".       ,
    .

 .   
         
   Windows 95    
,       .
  (My Computer) -->     (Dial-Up
Networking) -->    XXXXX -->  (Properties) -->
 (Options) -->       
(Bring Up Terminal Window after Dialing) (.1.17).













 .1.17.    (terminal window)
          ?
      XXXXX,   (Password) 
   (Connect To)    
    (.1.18).













 .1.18.   (terminal window)
    "login:",     (user
name),   ( Enter  ),  
"Password:",    (    ),  
Enter,    ,   
 (Continue (F7))    F7  .  
    .



                                    W98

  Windows 98    

        Windows 98  
   .    Dial-Up
Networking, Dial-Up Adapter    TCP/IP (. 
  Windows 95).      
(New Connection)   Dial-Up Networking.

        ( 
 - XXXXX),    (    
 ,    ).

 [win98e_1.GIF (20941 bytes)]

 .1.19.    XXXXX

         
 ,     (Country code  Area code)  
.

 [win98e_2.GIF (20695 bytes)]

 .1.20.     

 [win98e_3.GIF (20896 bytes)]

 .1.21.    

    (XXXXX) .   .

 [win98e_4.GIF (10648 bytes)]

 .1.22.   

      XXXXX.  ,  
         .

 [win98e_5.GIF (10115 bytes)]

 .1.23.    

     Server Types. ,    
      Windows 95. 
   : Enable software compression  TCP/IP.

 [win98e_6.GIF (9751 bytes)]

 .1.24.     Windows 98  Windows 95

 [win98e_7.GIF (8890 bytes)]

 .1.25.  TCP/IP

   TCP/IP      
Windows 95     .

 [win98e_8.GIF (7193 bytes)]

 .1.26.  

 ,   .      .



                                  browsers


  5. 



 Netscape Navigator 3 Gold



 Netscape 4 Communicator



 Microsoft Internet Explorer 3



 Microsoft Internet Explorer 4



 Microsoft Internet Explorer 5



 Ariadna



 Opera


 ,       
    "browser".  "",  "", 
"",  ""      
"".       
"",       ,  ,  -
 .     "",    
 : "".
        .   :
       . 
         .  
       .  
,         ,  -
 ,        
 .
          
Netscape Navigator.     : "Net-Scape Navigator" -
"  ".       
 ,    
 .      !  . 
        
   .        
  :      - (
-    ), ,     
,   ,    
.  ,   .    .  
     Netscape  
.
   [http://www.geocities.com/Paris/Parc/9320/billgates.htm] (
,   ,  Microsoft)   ( 1995 ) 
        .
,   , Microsoft     
        -.   
     Microsoft Internet Explorer
( : "   ") 
      
.  ,   ,    
 ,      ( ) 
 ,         
/   . , ,    Microsoft 
   ""  Internet Explorer     
   .  
   ,   
     . ,    Netscape, Microsoft
         
        Windows,
        
.   ? :   
.
 ,  .     Internet Explorer 
   ,   Netscape Navigator,    
    .
           
 Ariadna ( AMSD)       Opera
(  ).
   :     
,     ;  
     ,  
 .
        
         
.    -   
.  , ,   ,  
:      , 
     .  ?
        ,    
 .     , ,
,    ,   
 (Netscape 4 Communicator  MS Internet Explorer 5),   ,
     (Netscape 3 , ,
Opera).





                                  Ariadna

Ariadna



  AMSD   1996    
 ""  - Ariadna (.2.111).



.2.111.    Ariadna

     ,    
    .    
   (Windows, KOI-8, Mac, DOS, ISO)   
   .      
  .      
  Java.
      .  
     www.amsd.com  www.ariadna.ru.   
   -     
.       
  Windows 9x.     (English) 
Windows 9x/NT,     Ariadna (
       ).


 ( )

1)     (.2.112):
  -->  -->  ( )



.2.112.   

  , ,   ,  
  .

2)     proxy- (.2.113):
  -->  --> Proxy 



.2.113.  proxy-



  

 Ariadna        
       
(, Web Hebrew AD):
  -->  -->  ().
 ,        Internet Explorer, 
Netscape Navigator.

    :    
        ( ,
 -     win),     
 (.2.114).



.2.114.  

        ""
  .    Ariadna  
 ,     ,
  Macintosh     (   
PC).
 ,  ,   ,     
Ariadna   (     
    ) ,   ,   
     .
        
     .




                            Internet Explorer 3

MS Internet Explorer 3



    Netscape 3 Gold  1996 .
     :  
 (  ActiveX,   Microsoft 
  Web-  Windows),  
,      .
         
  ,  .
          
     :   , 
    .
     ,   
 Internet Explorer    
        .   
     ,    .
         : 
       Windows.
        [2.15]  [2.21]  
 home.microsoft.com/intl/ru/tutorial
[http://home.microsoft.com/intl/ru/tutorial]   
hint.perm.su/cclearn/new/dummy [http://hint.perm.su/cclearn/new/dummy] .


 ( )

    off-line.     
   . ,      
        :
 ( ,   ,
      ),  (
   )     
 .       
 (   )    ( 4) ,
,     , -   .
       
  (    )  
 MS Internet Explorer 3 (.2.60).



.2.60.   MS Internet Explorer 3

      MS Internet
Explorer 3.      ,    Netscape,
        
,     .
 1)     (.2.61)    :
  View () --> Options () --> Navigation ()



.2.61.   

2)     proxy- (.2.62):
 View () --> Options () --> Connection ()



.2.62.    proxy-

Proxy server (-) --> Settings ()
   proxy-    (.2.63).



.2.63.  proxy-

3)    :
 View () --> Options () --> General () --> Font Settings
() (.2.64) --> Character Sets ( ) (.2.65).



.2.64.   



     , 
   Western ( ).



.2.65.   

3)        .

4) :

,           
    ,    
  .         
       
 (.2.66).



.2.66.  

     :
 View () --> Options () --> General () --> Font Settings
() --> Character Sets ( ) --> Default () (
 ).


 

 ,   ,      
  ,     ..    
    .
       ""   ?
Microsoft :    .   
   (.2.67):
 View () --> Options () --> Security () --> Content
advisor (  ) (.2.69).



.2.67.   

   Settings ()     (Password)
(.2.68).



.2.68.      Windows 95

- ? OK.



.2.69.   

         ,   
,    ,     .   
 : Language (), Nudity ( ), Sex (),
Violence ().
         
,  ()      (.2.70).



.2.70.      Windows 95

      :
 1)    ,
 1)  ,       ,
 2)   ,
 3)   ,
 4)  ,   ,
 5)      ,
 6)       ,
 ,   .


* :  2   ,    MS
Internet Explorer    ,
 **      :     3, 
   , -,  , 
        .

         
   . ,   
  .  ,      
        .
  ?    Disable Ratings (),
    !


  

, ,        ,
         MS
Internet Explorer  Netscape Navigator.
         (.2.71)   
       (1),  
( )  (2)     (3).


1)           2)           3)


1)          2)        3)

.2.71.        Internet Explorer 3



     

